At closing, both the buyer and the seller may incur costs. Generally, buyers are responsible for paying most of the closing costs, which include various line-item expenses related to the loan and property purchase.
These typically cover fees like title insurance, appraisal, and loan origination fees.
On the other hand, sellers are responsible for certain expenses, but these are usually not considered part of the closing costs. The seller's main expense is the real estate commission, which the agent pays at closing.
Unless otherwise negotiated in the deal, buyers are typically the ones who cover the closing costs.
